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Objective To investigate the epidemiological features and antiviral response of patients with genotype 6 chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in Guangxi, China. Methods A total of 97 patients with genotype 6 CHC who were admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from December 2012 to December 2020 were enrolled, among whom 62 patients were given antiviral therapy. The 62 patients receiving antiviral therapy were divided into interferon group with 22 patients and direct-acting antiviral agent (DAA) group with 40 patients. Related data were collected, including general demographic data, HCV RNA, liver function, routine blood test results, and renal function. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. Results Among the 97 patients, there were 69 male patients (71.1%) and 28 female patients (28.9%), with a mean age of 41.97±10.12 years, and the patients aged 30-40 years accounted for 47.4% (46/97). Of all 97 patients, 95 (97.9%) had genotype 6a, 1 had genotype 6e, and 1 had genotype 6xa. Among the 65 patients with a definite route of infection, 41 (63.1%) had intravenous drug use, 14 had medical-related operations, 9 had blood transfusion, and 4 had sexual contact as the route of infection. For the interferon group, the rapid virologic response (RVR) rate at week 4 was 81.8% (18/22), the rate of undetectable virus at the time of drug withdrawal (Epoint) was 86.4% (19/22), the rate of sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after drug withdrawal (SVR12) was 81.8%, and the rate of sustained virological response at 24 weeks after drug withdrawal (SVR24) was 81.8%; 1 patient in this group experienced recurrence. All 40 patients in the DAA group were previously untreated patients (33 patients without liver cirrhosis and 7 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis), with an overall RVR rate of 87.5%(35/40), an Epoint rate of 100%, and an SVR12 rate of 100%, and there was no treatment failure or recurrence. Although different DAA regimens had different RVR rates, they all had a SVR12 rate of 100%. The patients with compensated liver cirrhosis and other diseases had a SVR12 rate of 100%. Conclusion Intravenous drug addiction is the main route of infection for patients with genotype 6 CHC in Guangxi, and CHC is more common in men, with genotype 6a as the main subtype. DAA treatment has a higher virologic response rate than interferon treatment, with an SVR12 rate of 100%. There is no significant difference in SVR12 rate between the patients with compensated liver cirrhosis and those without liver cirrhosis.
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Activation of the heart normally begins in the sinoatrial node (SAN). Electrical impulses spontaneously released by SAN pacemaker cells (SANPCs) trigger the contraction of the heart. However, the cellular nature of SANPCs remains controversial. Here, we report that SANPCs exhibit glutamatergic neuron-like properties. By comparing the single-cell transcriptome of SANPCs with that of cells from primary visual cortex in mouse, we found that SANPCs co-clustered with cortical neurons. Tissue and cellular imaging confirmed that SANPCs contained key elements of glutamatergic neurotransmitter system, expressing genes encoding glutamate synthesis pathway (Gls), ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors (Grina, Gria3, Grm1 and Grm5), and glutamate transporters (Slc17a7). SANPCs highly expressed cell markers of glutamatergic neurons (Snap25 and Slc17a7), whereas Gad1, a marker of GABAergic neurons, was negative. Functional studies revealed that inhibition of glutamate receptors or transporters reduced spontaneous pacing frequency of isolated SAN tissues and spontaneous Ca
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Objective:To compare the similarities and differences of clinical characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative and HIV-positive patients with talaromycosis marneffei (TSM).Methods:The clinical data of 175 inpatients diagnosed with TSM in First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from May 2012 to April 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into HIV-positive group and HIV-negative group according to the results of HIV confirmation test. The clinical manifestations, laboratory examination indicators (white blood cell count, hemoglobin, albumin, CD4 + T lymphocyte count and C-reactive protein (CRP)) between the two groups were compared. Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results:Among 175 TSM patients, 85 were HIV-positive and 90 were HIV-negative patients. The main clinical manifestations of fever and lymphadenopathy in the HIV-positive group and HIV-negative group were 71 (83.53%) cases and 73 (81.11%) cases, 50 (58.82%) cases and 47 (52.22%) cases, respectively, and there were both no statistical differences ( χ2=0.175 and 0.771, respectively, both P>0.05), while respiratory symptoms, weight loss and subcutaneous masses were 62 (72.94%) cases and 81 (90.00%) cases, 73 (85.88%) cases and 56 (62.22%) cases, one (1.18%) case and 16 (17.78%) cases, respectively, the differences were all statistically significant ( χ2=8.514, 12.630 and 13.737, respectively, all P<0.01). Hemoglobin in HIV-positive group and HIV-negative group were 90.50 (77.00, 113.95) g/L and 88.65 (72.85, 99.93) g/L, respectively. The difference was statistically significant ( Z=2.023, P=0.043). The ratios of albumin<30 g/L, CRP>10 mg/L in the two groups were 69.41%(59/85) and 60.00%(54/90), 94.37%(67/71) and 94.19%(81/86), respectively, and the differences were both not statistically significant ( χ2=1.693 and 0, respectively, both P>0.05). The ratios of cases with white blood cell counts >10×10 9/L and CD4 + T lymphocyte count<50/μL in the positive and negative groups were 3.53%(3/85) and 81.11%(73/90), 80.77%(63/78) and 1.75%(1/57), respectively, the differences were both statistically significant ( χ2=107.095 and 82.467, respectively, both P<0.01). Conclusions:In TSM patients, HIV-negative with subcutaneous masses, and increased white blood cell counts are common. Decreased body weight and CD4 + T lymphocyte count<50/μL in HIV-positive patients are more common than HIV-negative patients.
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Objective To summarize the pathological survey of time-zero renal biopsy (T0-RBx ) . Methods The material qualities and pathological features were analyzed retrospectively for T 0-RBx (n=176) between March 2008 and May 2016 .According to the source of donor kidney ,T0-RBx specimens were divided into living donors (LD) group (n=137) and Deceased donation (DD) group (n=39) .Furthermore , the DD group was divided into cerebral hemorrhage group (n= 10) and brain trauma group (n= 29) according to the causes of death .The inter-group differences of pathological characteristics and the effects of abnormal pathological lesions on allograft function were observed .Results All T0-RBx specimens contained cortical kidney tissue .The average microscopic length of renal tissue was (0 .39 ± 0 .23) cm and the median glomerular number 11 . The abnormal pathological lesions included glomerulosclerosis (GS ,30 .7 ％ ) , segmental glomerulosclerosis (1 .1 ％ ) ,mesangial increase (MI ,19 .3 ％ ) ,tubular atrophy (TA ,35 .2 ％ ) , acute tubular necrosis (ATN ,9 .1 ％ ) ,vacuolar degeneration of tubular epithelium (27 .3 ％ ) ,losses in tubule epithelial brush border (97 .7 ％ ) , protein cast (25 ％ ) , interstitial fibrosis (IF ,34 .1 ％ ) , inflammation (I ,42 .6 ％ ) ,arteriolar hyalinosis (AH) (26 .1 ％ ) and vascular fibrous intimal thickening (CV ,23 .3 ％ ) .Among them ,23 .9 ％ ,1 .1 ％ ,0 .55 ％ and 0 .55 ％ cases were diagnosed as IgA nephropathy ,immune complex associated with glomerular disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis diabetic nephropathy respectively .And the reminders were of ischemic injury .The incidence rates of TA ,IF and I were lower in DD group than those in LD group ( P< 0 .05 ) . However , ATN and vacuolar degeneration of tubular epithelium were higher (P<0 .001) .The incidence of GS was significantly higher in cerebral hemorrhage group than that in brain trauma group (P<0 .01) .No statistical difference existed in other lesions or disease constitution among the groups (P>0 .05) .Further analysis showed GS was related with allograft function at 6/12 months post-transplantation in both LD and DD groups (P<0 .05) .IF and AH were also related to short-term renal function of recipients post-transplantation in LD and DD groups (P>0 .05) .Conclusions T0-RBx may detect the abnormal lesions of donor kidney .Some differences exist in types and degree of abnormal lesions among different donor kidneys .LD group has a higher risk for chronic histological injury such as TA and IF while DD group is more susceptible to acute renal tubular interstitial injury .Thus it is valuable for predicting allograft function post-transplantation .Material quality is essential for ensuring the reliability of T 0-RBx .
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Objective To investigate the impact of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) with different intensities on the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro.Methods BMSCs were divided into control group,30 mW/cm2 group,60 mW/cm2 group and 90 mW/cm2 group.Control group was treated by sham LIPUS exposure,and the other three groups were treated by LIPUS with corresponding intensities.The impact of LIPUS on scratch healing was tested with scratch assay,and the interference of proliferation was eliminated with MTT assay.The migration of BMSCs were evaluated with transwell migration assay.The expression of F-actin was analyzed with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) fluorescent coloration.Results 24 h and 48 h after LIPUS exposure,there were statistical differences of scratch area among groups (F=26.559,106.110,both P＜0.001),and the scratch area of control group was the largest ([0.93 ± 0.26)mm2 of 24 h after LIPUS exposure and [0.70 ± 0.11]mm2 of 48 h after LIPUS exposure),while that of 30 mW/cm2 group was the smallest ([0.47 ±0.21]mm2 of 24 h after LIPUS exposure and [0.19±0.10]mm2 of 48 h after LIPUS exposure).There was no statistical difference of scratch area among the four groups immediately after LIPUS exposure (F=2.921,P=0.063).MTT assay results showed there was no statistical difference of absorbance among the four groups immediately,nor 24 h,48 h after LIPUS exposure (F=1.616,0.720,1.408;P=0.196,0.544,0.378).Significant difference was found in the number of cells migrated through the transwell chamber among the four groups (F=43.145,P＜0.001),and the cell number of 30 mW/cm2 group was the largest (212.53±35.32),while that of the control group was the least (89.53±19.27).F-actin fluorescence staining results showed the morphology of F-actin was changed after LIPUS exposure.The cytoskeleton became narrow and elongated.Statistical difference of relative fluorescence intensity was found among the four groups (F 64.350,P＜0.001).The relative fluorescence intensity of 30 mW/cm2 group was the largest (125.43 ± 17.43),while that of control group was the least (51.94± 12.76).Conclusion LIPUS can promote the migration ability of BMSCs in vitro with the best intensity was 30 mW/cm2.
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AIM To study the influence of Huangqi Powder (Puerariae lobatae Radix,Astragali Radix,Mori Cortex) on femur and tibia in rats with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP).METHODS Thirty one-month-old male SD rats were divided into three groups by randomized block design,which were control group (normal saline),prednisone group (3.5 mg/kg prednisone acetate),Huangqi Powder group (clinical adult dosage).Experimental test was maintained for one hundred and twenty days.Double fluorochrome labeling with calcein was performed before necropsy;bone resorption and bone formation index were determined by using blood serum;the femur structural and material mechanics were analyzed by using bone biomechanics method.The cancellous bone of proximal tibial and the cortical bone of tibial shaft static parameter and dynamic parameter were analyzed by bone histomorphometry method.RESULTS Huangqi Powder had no obvious improving effects on bone biomechanics and bone static parameter,but could increas the area,width and number of the proximal tibia bone trabecular.Mark perimeter percentage and mineralization rate of deposition could be increased.CONCLUSION Huangqi Powder can significantly increase proximal tibia cancellous bone mass and enhance bone trabecula structure of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis rats.
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Objective To investigate the effect of rivanol induction on pregnancy termination for patients with placenta previa during midtrimester.Methods From January 2010 to December 2015,16 patients of placenta previa underwent pregnancy termination induced by rivanol during midtrimester were regarded as the observation group, and 22 patients with normal placental position were regarded as the control group.The delivery time,amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 24 hours,one-time success rate of induced abortion,caesarean due to massive haemorrhage and postoperative infection of the two groups were recorded to analyze the clinical effect of rivanol.Results There was no statistically significant differences in the success rate,delivery time and caesarean due to massive haemorrhage between the two groups(P>0.05).The amount of intrapartum and postpartum hemorrhage in the observation group was more than that of the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05),but it was less than 500 mL,which did not significantly increase the related risk for patients.Conclusion Induced abortion by rivanol is a simple,safe and effective method for patients with placenta previa during midtrimester with fewer side effects and less trauma,which is the preferred method for such patients.
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Purpose Many studies have shown that subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction is seen in prediabetic patients.However,its relationship with prognosis is unclear.The purpose of this study is to investigate the prognostic value of subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction with prediabetes.Materials and Methods This was a prospective clinical cohort study.A total of 98 prediabetes patients with complete medical record and follow up data in the physical exam center and the clinic of Yan'an People's Hospital were chosen between January 2013 and January 2014.The biochemical data,echocardiography and left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) in 2 years of follow up were collected.The subjects were grouped into diabetes if the diagnosis was confirmed during follow up,or non-diabetes group if not diagnosed.After follow up,the baseline parameters were compared to screen for risk factors to develop clinical diabetes.Results During the study,38 participants were diagnosed as clinical diabetes.Cox proportional hazard regression models show that obesity [hazard ratio (HR):2.662,95％ CI 1.374-5.159,P=0.004],waist-hip ratio (HR:1.917,95％ CI:1.012-3.492,P=0.001),mitral E/e'ratio (HR:1.661,95％ CI:1.336-2.065,P＜0.001),HbAlc (HR:2.029,95％ CI:1.047-3.932,P＜0.001),global longitudinal strain (HR:0.786,95％ CI:0.728-0.848,P＜0.001) were significant independent predictors for developing diabetes.Using GLS＜18％ as cutoff value,the area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to predict development of diabetes was 0.796 (95％ CI:0.704-0.888,P＜0.001),with sensitivity and specificity of 46.7％ and 89.5％,respectively.Conclusion Among modifiable risk factors in patients with prediabetes,subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction is an early indicator of progressing to diabetes.Early detection of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in prediabetes can provide the basis for early clinical intervention.